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Engineering Properties of Soil and Rock: The engineering or physical properties
<br /> of soil and rock depend on both the material, or grain, properties and their in-situ, or
<br /> undisturbed, texture, packing, particle orientation, and degree of saturation. Shear strength,
<br /> compressibility, void ratio, permeability, and erodibility aze most often the engineering
<br /> properties of interest. The engineering characteristics of an in-situ rock mass most often
<br /> focus on discontinuities, such as bedding, sheaz zones, and fractures. Such features aze
<br /> described in terms of frequency, attitude, spacing, roughness, bonding quality, and general
<br /> continuity.
<br /> Ezpansive Soil: Soils containing expansive clay minerals, such as, but not limited
<br /> to, montmorillonite, which expands excessively when subjected to a moisture increase and
<br /> which shrinks. excessively when subjected to a moisture decrease. Soils identified in the
<br /> Natural Resources Conservation Services soil manual as having a high shrink-swell potential
<br /> shall be considered expansive soils.
<br /> Indez Properties of Soil or Rock: The soil material or grain properties of the
<br /> material itself, regardless of the in-situ, or undisturbed, texture, packing, orientation, or .
<br /> degree of saturation. The soil material properties of significance are the properties of the
<br /> individual grains or particles, including the distribution of grain sizes, the shape, angularity,
<br /> and hazdness of individual grains, the amount and type of clay minerals, and the presence and
<br /> amount of organics. The rock material properties include color, texture, degree of
<br /> weathering, hazdness, and geologic origin. The soiUrock material properties are used to
<br /> indicate, or infer, potential engineering behavior.
<br /> Intact Character of Rock: In the Eugene/Springfield area, rock units aze Tertiary
<br /> in age -between 1.64 million years (My) and 35 My old. Rock units are classified on the
<br /> basis of origin, whether igneous (intrusive or extrusive) sedimentary (marine or terrestrial),
<br /> pyroclastic, or metamorphic; geologic name; color and texture {grain size); hardness; degree
<br /> of weathering; and if available, degree of fracturing.
<br /> Pistol-Butt (on Tree): Also called gun-stocked tree. A curved basal section of
<br /> trunk, resulting from down-slope rotation of the base of the tree. Similaz in shape to curved
<br /> butts on antique side arms.
<br /> Qualified Registered Professional: An Oregon Registered Professional Engineer.
<br /> (per ORS 672.002 to 672.325), who by training, education, and having a minimum of four
<br /> years geotechnical experience, is especially qualified to apply the principles of soil
<br /> mechanics, rock mechanics, hydraulics, and geological science to planning and evaluating
<br /> engineering site investigations, making appropriate quantitative analyses and engineering
<br /> design recommendations for that part of civil works involving the use of soil and rock
<br /> materials and the inspection or testing of the construction thereof; and an Oregon Certified
<br /> Engineering Geologist (per ORS 672.505 and 672..525), who by training, education, and
<br /> experience is especially qualified to apply geologic data, principles and interpretation to
<br /> naturally occumng materials so that geologic factors affecting planning, design, construction
<br /> and maintenance of civil engineering works are properly recognized and utilized.
<br /> Representative Sample: A soil sample taken from the site that has been disturbed
<br /> or altered, completely or partially in-situ particle structure, by the remolding action of the
<br /> sampling device but which contains all of the soil components in their in-situ amounts.
<br /> Significant Structures and/or Facilities: All pavement structures for arterial and
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<br /> Administrative Order - 2
<br /> r:ladminord~rules\02geotech 1 ao.wpd(09/05/02)
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