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Mature Tree Pruning - Mature trees generally require pruning and shaping every <br /> three to five years. Water sprouts, dead limbs, storm breakage and limbs damaged <br /> by construction accidents should be removed. Pruning is required to remove <br /> branches that block road signs, intersections, and pedestrian routes. <br /> Tree Removal - Trees should be removed when they are diseased, present a hazard, <br /> or interfere with the optimal health of other trees. Quick removal restricts the <br /> spread of disease and reduces the possibility of human injury or property damage. <br /> Whenever appropriate a new tree should be planted. <br /> Stump Removal - Stumps should be removed to make the area more aesthetically <br /> acceptable and to eliminate hazards. Removal is also important, because stumps <br /> generally remind people of a tree that once was, rather than focusing attention on the <br /> remaining trees. Stump removal involves the grinding out of all stumps to a depth of <br /> 12 to 24 inches below the surface, leveling the entire area, and top dressing with soil. <br /> Protection of Views and Solar Access - Regular maintenance of views to prevent <br /> unwanted tree growth is important. Judicious pruning and removal may be <br /> necessary to protect important views. <br /> General Maintenance - This activity area includes several small, but essential, tree <br /> care operations, such as staking, insect and disease control, repair of vandalism and <br /> storm damage and special soil treatment projects. In Eugene insect and disease <br /> control is passed on to the property owners. <br /> Inspections - Regular inspections are necessary to ensure that contractual services <br /> such as planting, removal and pruning meet established standards. They also allow <br /> direct contact with the urban forest to identify potential problems and opportunities. <br /> For example, identification of diseased trees, Gypsy Moth trapping operations and <br /> requests from the public may require inspections. These personal contacts provide <br /> an opportunity for educating the public and generating support for the urban <br /> forestry program. <br /> Record Keeping - Regardless of the size of an urban forest, accurate records are <br /> absolutely essential. An up -to -date tree inventory provides information on tree <br /> maintenance requirements. With this information, it is possible to answers residents' <br /> inquiries or complaints. Timely records also show how public funds have been <br /> spent, how maintenance activities are affecting long -term tree performance, and help <br /> make accurate work load projections. <br />