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1 <br /> Application of the economic threshold in agricultural situations is <br /> reasonable and often may be done with a high level of precision using <br /> mathematical formulas. While such a concept is directly applicable to <br /> nursery and/or greenhouse production of ornamental plant materials, it <br /> can seem more difficult to apply it effectively in a landscape or roadside <br /> maintenance context. <br /> Substitution of an appropriate "aesthetic" threshold for the purely <br /> economic criteria is a simple adjustment that makes the diagram relevant <br /> to landscape maintenance. [11] For roadsides, aesthetic thresholds can be <br /> utilized for some situations , and a "functional" threshold for others. In <br /> either case, an "action threshold ", set slightly below the aesthetic or <br /> 1 functional one, should trigger treatment to avoid unacceptable damage. <br /> 1 <br /> Treatment Applied <br /> AESTHETIC OR FUNCTIONAL <br /> THRESHOLD <br /> ACTION THRESHOLD <br /> 1 INFESTATION LEVEL <br /> Elapsed Time <br /> This approach makes it possible to effectively employ the methodology <br /> of IPM to either landscape or roadside maintenance, as well as other <br /> situations where unacceptable damage is defined by other than strictly <br /> economic criteria. <br /> 12 <br />