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5 <br /> higher incidence of aborted fruits. Parasitization and resulting fruit abortion can severely <br /> reduce the size of, or eliminate a population. <br /> The reproductive strategy of L. bradshawii together with current habitat conditions and <br /> environmental stressors, such as drought and parasitism, may limit the survival and <br /> recovery of the populations. All currently known sites are relatively disjunct, separated <br /> by agricultural or urban development, substantial distance, and/or topography. Most sites <br /> also have relatively few plants and/or are small in area. Isolation, low seed dispersal, and <br /> selfing, combined, could promote inbreeding, limit gene flow and decrease the <br /> reproductive capacity of L. bradshawii. <br /> Site specific <br /> Amazon Park and Eugene School District property in the Upper Amazon Basin <br /> (conservation area) is primarily used for recreational purposes. Therefore, management <br /> of the conservation area has focused on recreational uses. Grassy areas, including wet <br /> prairie habitat, are often mowed. Mowing may have both beneficial and adverse affects <br /> on L. bradshawii and other native plants. Although regular mowing may prevent <br /> succession, native grasses and forbs may be adversely affected when mowing is <br /> conducted before seeds have set in late summer. At times, early mowing may have <br /> reduced seed production in the Upper Amazon Basin. <br /> Vehicle and pedestrian traffic may adversely affect L. bradshawii in the conservation <br /> areas. Damage may be most substantial after flowers have formed but before seeds have <br /> matured. Impacts of this type have been noted in Amazon Park and on school property at <br /> 18th Street and Pearl Avenue. At Amazon Park, construction activities may have caused <br /> the loss of individuals along the jogging path in 1995, but the extent of the impacts are <br /> not known because of the lack of complete surveys at the time. At 18th and Pearl, habitat <br /> was impacted by large gouges created by off -road vehicle use and by soil compaction <br /> from pedestrian traffic and vehicle parking. Such impacts could easily be reduced by the <br /> erection of barriers to eliminate vehicular damage. Public education may also increase <br /> awareness of the plant and its habitat within the Upper Amazon Basin. <br /> As previously described, isolation and the cumulative loss of habitat continue to threaten <br /> L. bradshawii. The Recovery Plan identifies the tasks necessary to downlist the plant. <br /> Several of these tasks relate to the establishment of management areas within four <br /> identified recovery areas: North Central Willamette Valley, Central Willamette Valley, <br /> Southeastern Willamette Valley, and West Eugene. Within these four areas and using <br /> information on extant locations, ownership, and willing landowners, ten management <br /> areas were to be selected. Four within the West Eugene Area, which encompasses the <br /> Upper Amazon Basin. At the time the Recovery Plan was written, the extent of the <br /> population at Amazon Park was only thought to be 750 flowering plants. However, with <br /> the estimated occurrence of over 10,000 plants at Amazon Park and an unknown number <br />