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There are at least three types of bids for tree work: unit price, time and material, <br /> and lump sum. <br /> Unit price bids identify a price per tree for the work to be done. The trees are <br /> categorized, by trunk diameter or canopy size, for pricing . Use this type of bidding <br /> practice when the conditions or type of work to be done are fairly uniform. This <br /> type of bid is common, but requires strict supervision to maintain quality control. <br /> Time and materials bids indicate the hourly cost of crews, equipment and <br /> materials, and they generally establish a ceiling on total project cost. In this method, <br /> contractors know their exact costs and profits for the job. Time and material bids <br /> work well in cases where the specifications are not clear or the exact scope of the <br /> work is not known. <br /> This approach requires very good supervision. Bid selection criteria generally <br /> emphasize the contractor's qualifications and work experience. Within limits, these <br /> crews can be directed to any job, making this the most flexible of the contracting <br /> approaches. Also, the tree manager can specify the crew makeup and the equipment <br /> needed for a particular situation. <br /> Lump sum bids specify a price for completion of the total job. The tree manager <br /> should ensure that the bid documents are clear and detailed, so that the contractor can <br /> make a reasonable estimate of the project's cost. <br />