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CHOICES FOR REMEDIES: <br /> Stabilization - -- this means applying techniques such as pruning, cabling <br /> and related care. <br /> Replacement - -- this means planting healthy trees where high hazard trees <br /> are removed, in addition to planting new trees in the available spaces <br /> identified on the neighborhood map. <br /> Conservation - -- this involves stabilizing, caring for, and monitoring for an <br /> extended period of time. <br /> FINDINGS: <br /> Upon our examination of the trees in this neighborhood, we found that all <br /> thirty-one trees are infected by decay in varying degrees and/or have serious <br /> structural imbalances and failure potential. All are potentially hazardous due <br /> to their past treatment. All trees have been incorrectly over - pruned for the <br /> utility wires for many years, and a significant amount of decay has started <br /> internally in all limbs and trunks. There is not a single tree that is free of <br /> decay infection, yet the great majority of these trees are still vigorous in <br /> terms of foliage growth. A Resistograph drill was used to test for the amount <br /> of decay and the cross section of the trees. Resistograph given exact <br /> measurements showed the sound wood remain in the tree verses decayed <br /> areas where a severe decay was found; we noted this in tree description. <br /> There are 2 industry- excepted formulas that can be applied to determine the <br /> threshold to each cross section. The reference book is Evaluation of hazard <br /> trees in urban areas By Nelda Matthew and Jim Clark. Chapter 5 in the book <br /> used for hazard rating. Using the calculation of table 2 of the book: <br /> It would be unprofessional for us to say that any of these trees are "safe ". <br /> And no one, including arboricultural professionals, can say for certain <br /> whether a tree, even using the most modern diagnostic techniques (such as <br /> probing, resistographing, and ultrasound mapping) is completely safe. <br /> These tools and methods only provide a small window to the big picture, <br /> like what a small cross - section wood density sample can tell us about the <br /> quality of wood in the entire tree. We can however, derive an educated <br /> estimate of each tree's structural integrity, yet due to the anomalies of wood, <br /> (including but not limited to epicormic sprout development, decay, decay <br /> 5 <br />